STRATEGI PENGAMANAN DATA SISTEM INFORMASI KESEHATAN: STUDI LITERATUR KASUS KEBOCORAN DAN UPAYA KEAMANAN GLOBAL

Syiti Amallia, Daniel Happy Putra, Bangga Agung Satrya, Deasy Rosmala Dewi

Abstract


ABSTRACT
Background: Data leaks in health information systems pose a serious challenge in the digital age because they threaten patient privacy, harm institutions, and undermine public trust. Increasing cyber attacks, weak security systems, and low user awareness increase the risk of data leaks at the global level.
Purpose: This study aims to explore cases of data leaks in health information systems and identify security strategies implemented in various countries.
Method: The study used a literature review method on 135 scientific articles published between 2019 and 2024. The research process included searching for literature through the PubMed and Google Scholar databases with the help of the Publish or Perish application, selecting studies based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, assessing quality, and synthesizing results.
Result: Data breaches are generally caused by ransomware, phishing, weak encryption, access management failures, and human error. Mitigation is achieved through the implementation of advanced encryption standards, blockchain, zero trust architecture, and quantum resistant encryption. International regulations such as HIPAA and GDPR have been proven to strengthen protection.
Conclusion: Research confirms the importance of a multidimensional approach to health data security, encompassing technology, regulation, human resources, and digital security culture to ensure the sustainability of patient information protection.
Keywords: data leaks, health information systems, data security, electronic medical records, patient data protection.

ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Kebocoran data pada sistem informasi kesehatan menjadi tantangan serius di era digital karena mengancam privasi pasien, merugikan institusi, serta menurunkan kepercayaan publik. Meningkatnya serangan siber, lemahnya sistem keamanan, dan rendahnya kesadaran pengguna memperbesar risiko kebocoran data di tingkat global.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi kasus kebocoran data pada sistem informasi kesehatan serta mengidentifikasi strategi pengamanan yang diterapkan di berbagai negara.
Metode: Penelitian menggunakan metode literature review terhadap 135 artikel ilmiah yang diterbitkan pada 2019–2024. Proses penelitian meliputi pencarian literature melalui database PubMed dan Google Scholar dengan bantuan aplikasi Publish or Perish, seleksi studi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, penilaian kualitas, serta sintesis hasil.
Hasil: Kebocoran data umumnya disebabkan ransomware, phishing, lemahnya enkripsi, kegagalan manajemen akses, serta kesalahan manusia. Mitigasi dilakukan melalui penerapan advanced encryption standard, blockchain, zero trust architecture, dan quantum resistant encryption. Regulasi internasional seperti HIPAA dan GDPR terbukti memperkuat perlindungan.
Kesimpulan: Penelitian menegaskan pentingnya pendekatan multidimensional dalam pengamanan data kesehatan, mencakup teknologi, regulasi, SDM, dan budaya keamanan digital untuk menjamin keberlanjutan perlindungan informasi pasien.
Kata kunci: kebocoran data, sistem informasi kesehatan, keamanan data, rekam
medis elektronik, perlindungan data pasien.

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References


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